持续静脉应用胰岛素、胰岛素泵用于治疗糖尿病酮症酸中毒病患的临床效果分析

目的:调研和分析持续静脉应用胰岛素和胰岛素泵用于治疗糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者的临床效果。方法:选择2017年1月~2019年1月到本院糖尿病科接受治疗糖尿病酮症酸中毒的68例患者作为调研对象,以随机法分为对照组(34例)和观察组(34例)。其中,对照组患者接持续静脉应用胰岛素治疗,观察组患者接受胰岛素泵应用胰岛素治疗。观察并对比两组患者相关指标情况以及低血糖发生情况。结果:观察组患者的尿酮转阴时间、血糖达标时间、尿酮体消失时间、血浆pH值恢复正常时间明显短于对照组,胰岛素应用剂量少于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的低血糖发生率2.94%明显低于对照组14.71%(P<0.05)。结论:在糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者接受治疗的过程中,相比较于持续静脉应用胰岛素,胰岛素泵应用胰岛素的临床治疗效果较好。     

品管圈活动在喜疗妥联合新鲜马铃薯外敷治疗小儿输液外渗中的应用效果分析

目的探讨品管圈活动在喜疗妥联合新鲜马铃薯外敷治疗小儿输液外渗中的应用效果。方法选取我院2016年8月至2018年12月收治的输液外渗患儿100例,随机分为两组各50例。对照组给予50%硫酸镁湿敷治疗与常规护理,干预组采用喜疗妥联合新鲜马铃薯外敷,进行品管圈活动。对比两组的临床疗效、损伤痊愈时间和完全消肿时间。结果干预组的总有效率为90.00%,高于对照组的74.00%(P <0.05)。干预组的损伤痊愈时间和完全消肿时间短于对照组(P <0.05)。结论品管圈活动在喜疗妥联合新鲜马铃薯外敷治疗小儿输液外渗中的效果较好,可缩短临床症状消失时间,加快康复进程。     

Postoperative Intravenous Iron Supplementation Does Not Improve Hemoglobin Level and Transfusion Rate Following Staged Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundWe determined whether postoperative intravenous (IV) iron supplementation could reduce transfusion rate in patients undergoing staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Furthermore, we examined whether hemoglobin (Hb) levels and iron profile differed between patients with and without postoperative IV iron supplementation.MethodsThis retrospective, comparative cohort study included 126 patients who underwent primary staged bilateral TKA during a single hospitalization. The second TKA was performed at a week’s interval. Group iron (n = 65) received IV iron immediately after each surgery, while patients in group no-iron (n = 61) received no iron after surgery. Transfusion rate, change in Hb levels, and iron profile including serum iron, ferritin, total iron binding capacity, and transferrin saturation were evaluated preoperatively; on postoperative days 1, 2, and 4 after the first TKA; and postoperative days 1, 2, 4, and 7, 6 weeks, and 3 months after the second TKA.ResultsThere were no significant differences in Hb levels and transfusion rate following staged bilateral TKA between patients with and without postoperative IV iron supplementation although serum iron profiles were improved in patients with IV iron supplementation.ConclusionPostoperative IV iron supplementation immediately after acute blood loss caused by TKA was not effective in improving the transfusion rate. Therefore, surgeons should use protocols other than postoperative IV iron supplementation for reducing the transfusion rate in patients undergoing staged bilateral TKA in a single hospitalization.Level of EvidenceIII.     

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation as a Bridge to Surgery for Infective Endocarditis Complicated by Aorto-Atrial Fistula and Cardiopulmonary Collapse

The timing of surgery for active infective endocarditis is challenging when patients exhibit mechanical dysfunction and hemodynamic compromise. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has been described in treating sepsis but not, insofar as we know, in treating the acute mechanical sequelae that arise from infective endocarditis. We report perhaps the first case that shows the usefulness of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to definitive treatment in a 35-year-old man who had infective endocarditis followed by aorto-atrial fistula and cardiopulmonary collapse.     

品管圈在降低静脉用药调配中心贴签差错率的管理效果分析

目的： 通过品管圈活动降低静脉用药调配中心（pharmacy intravenous admixture services， PIVAS）的贴签差错率。方法： 以自愿的方式组成品管圈小组，经过辅导员专业培训后，按照十大品管步骤开展活动。运用了柏拉图，柱状图，鱼骨图，雷达图等多种方法，依据二八原则分析干预重点，并通过头脑风暴制定干预措施。结果： 干预前贴签差错35件/月，干预后降至12件/月，达到了目标值12.62件/月，达标率为102.77%。结论： 通过品管圈活动的方法从管理方面入手能够深入发掘和分析贴签差错，有效降低了贴签差错率，确保患者用药安全。     

Effect of variable annular reduction on functional tricuspid regurgitation and right ventricular dynamics in an ovine model of tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of variable tricuspid annular reduction (TAR) on functional tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) and right ventricular (RV) dynamics in ovine tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy.MethodsNine adult sheep underwent implantation of a pacemaker with an epicardial lead and were paced at 200 to 240 bpm until the development of biventricular dysfunction and functional TR was noted. During reoperation on cardiopulmonary bypass, 6 sonomicrometry crystals were placed around the tricuspid annulus (TA) and 14 were placed on the RV epicardium. Annuloplasty suture was placed around the TA and externalized to an epicardial tourniquet. After weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, echocardiographic, hemodynamic, and sonomicrometry data were acquired at baseline and during 5 progressive TARs achieved with suture cinching. TA area and RV free wall strains and function were calculated from crystal coordinates.ResultsAfter pacing, changes in left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and RV fractional area decreased significantly. Mean TA diameter increased from 25.1 ± 2.9 mm to 31.5 ± 3.3 mm (P = .005), and median TR (range, 0-3+) increased from 0 (0) to 3 (2) (P = .004). Progressive suture cinching reduced the TA area by 18 ± 6%, 38 ± 11%, 56 ± 10%, 67 ± 9%, and 76 ± 8%. Only aggressive annular reductions (67% and 76%) decreased TR significantly, but these were associated with deterioration of RV function and strain. A moderate annular reduction of 56% led to a substantial reduction of TR with little deleterious effect on regional RV function.ConclusionsA moderate TAR of approximately 50% may be most advantageous for correction of functional TR and simultaneous maintenance of regional RV performance. Additional subvalvular interventions may be needed to achieve complete valvular competence.